Monetary Policy

Political influence over monetary policy can undermine long-term economic stability, with a potential impact on investor confidence, bond markets, and the broader economy. This article explores scenarios ranging from zero influence to a mild erosion of US Federal Reserve independence to outright political capture.

Jerome Powell and his Federal Reserve (Fed) colleagues decided to cut the Fed Funds rate by 25bp to 3.75-4% at last week’s policy meeting, marking 150bp of cuts since the cycle began in September 2024.

Amidst an economic data blackout caused by the US government shutdown, markets received a bit of positive news on Friday with the release of the US CPI report which showed consumer prices in September increased at a slower pace than expected.

The Federal Reserve (Fed) cut interest rates by 25 basis points (bp) on Wednesday, exactly as markets had anticipated, marking its first rate reduction since December 2024.

The Bank of England (BoE) delivered a widely expected 25bp cut on Thursday, taking interest rates to a two-year low of 4%. But the real story was in the balance of views on the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), which for the first time in its 28-year history had to conduct two rounds of voting and has forced markets to reassess the path of future rate cuts.

The turbulent start to 2025 has sent many investors seeking alternatives to US assets, but in our view European fixed income can offer more than just diversification.

Softer US economic data means the pressures on UST yields now look more balanced, but headlines around President Trump’s pick for the next Fed chair are just one reason investors should expect rates volatility to continue.

Recent market volatility has reinforced the value of alpha over beta. While markets rebounded from recent lows, risks persist – from uncertain trade policy to concerns about debt sustainability. But fixed income remains resilient. We are finding opportunities in local currency EM debt, US high yield, and European investment grade credit.

The US dollar’s reign is faltering, and we believe a prolonged dollar bear market is underway – a scenario that has historically been a tailwind for emerging market economic growth and asset valuations. However, not all emerging equity markets respond equally to the dollar’s decline.

The European Central Bank (ECB) will be alone this week in delivering its latest monetary policy decision, with the next Federal Reserve, Bank of England and Bank of Japan meetings not until the week commencing June 16.

Thus far in 2025, the prevailing and overriding topic of conversation amongst economists and market participants has been tariffs and what they might mean for the global macro outlook.

The question for investors now is how much of the macro risk remains, and how well that risk is being reflected in asset valuations.